theses of Modern architecture:
📚 Modern Architecture — Simple Notes for Architecture Students
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Definition:
Modern architecture refers to a style of building that emerged in the early 20th century, characterized by simple forms, functional spaces, and the use of new materials and technologies. -
Key Time Period:
Roughly 1900 to 1970. -
Main Features:
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Minimalist design (no excessive decoration).
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Open floor plans (less walls, more flowing spaces).
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Use of modern materials: steel, glass, concrete.
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Emphasis on function ("form follows function" - Louis Sullivan).
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Flat roofs, large windows, straight lines.
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Integration with surroundings (sometimes called "organic architecture").
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Important Movements within Modern Architecture:
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Bauhaus (Germany): Focus on simplicity and functionality.
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International Style: Clean lines, glass facades (e.g., skyscrapers).
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De Stijl (Netherlands): Geometric forms and primary colors.
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Futurism (Italy): Inspired by speed, technology, youth.
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Famous Architects:
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Le Corbusier (France) — designed the Villa Savoye, Chandigarh city plan.
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Frank Lloyd Wright (USA) — organic architecture, Fallingwater house.
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Mies van der Rohe (Germany/USA) — famous for "less is more", glass skyscrapers.
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Walter Gropius (Germany) — founder of the Bauhaus School.
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Typical Examples:
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Villa Savoye (France) — Le Corbusier.
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Seagram Building (New York) — Mies van der Rohe.
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Fallingwater (USA) — Frank Lloyd Wright.
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Impact on Today's Architecture:
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Influenced skyscraper design worldwide.
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Popularized minimalism in architecture.
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Set the foundation for sustainable and smart design trends.
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Criticism:
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Some say modern buildings feel cold and impersonal.
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Often ignore local culture or traditions.
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